Books > Science & Mathematics > Astronomy, space & time > Galaxies, clusters, intergalactic matter
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Dark Matter - New Research (Hardcover, Illustrated Ed)
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Dark Matter - New Research (Hardcover, Illustrated Ed)
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It is generally believed that most of the matter in the universe is
dark, i.e. cannot be detected from the light which it emits (or
fails to emit). Its presence is inferred indirectly from the
motions of astronomical objects, specifically stellar, galactic,
and galaxy cluster/supercluster observations. It is also required
in order to enable gravity to amplify the small fluctuations in the
cosmic microwave background enough to form the large-scale
structures that we see in the universe today. For each of the
stellar, galactic, and galaxy cluster/supercluster observations the
basic principle is that if we measure velocities in some region,
then there has to be enough mass there for gravity to stop all the
objects flying apart. Dark matter has important consequences for
the evolution of the universe and the structure within it.
According to general relativity, the universe must conform to one
of three possible types: open, flat, or closed. The total amount of
mass and energy in the universe determines which of the three
possibilities applies to the universe. In the case of an open
universe, the total mass and energy density (denoted by the Greek
letter U) is less than unity. If the universe is closed, U is
greater than unity. For the case where U is exactly equal to one
the universe is "flat". This new book details leading-edge research
from around the globe.
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