Social housing appears to offer a solution for the housing of
poor and disadvantaged people. The French "right to housing" offers
poor and disadvantaged citizens priority in social housing
allocation, and even a legal action against the State to obtain a
social home. Despite this, France is suffering a long-lasting
housing crisis with disadvantaged people having particular
difficulties of access, often despite the efforts of local housing
actors. This situation is affected by the European Court of Human
Rights and EU decisions limiting diverse national housing and
rental policies.
Between historic French revolutions and the modern riots,
negotiated solutions to social dilemmas emerged. Despite progress
in constitutional principles, complex local negotiations still
ultimately determine who is housed. Local social landlords, mayors
and employee and tenant representatives use their privileges to
house their insiders: existing tenants, locals and employees, with
rent insufficiently subsidized. Insider Outsider theory is used for
an economic analysis of exclusion in social housing allocation: its
processes, institutional context, and stigmatizing effects. This
highlights the spatial effects of nimbyism, excluding disadvantaged
outsiders, and concentrating them in deprived areas.
Simultaneously, urban regeneration reduced affordable housing stock
and social mix became a reason to refuse a social home.
History, comparative law, economic theory and local interviews
with housing actors give a detailed picture of what happens in and
around French social housing allocation for an interdisciplinary
housing policy audience. Constitutional principles appear in an
unfamiliar guise as negotiating positions, with the "right to
property" supporting landlords and the "right to housing"
supporting tenants. French debates about the function of social
landlords are echoed across Europe and reflected in European
policies concerning rights, and the exclusion of disadvantaged
minorities.
General
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