In 1979, Florida Seminoles opened the first tribally operated
high-stakes bingo hall in North America. At the time, their annual
budget stood at less than $2 million. By 2006, net income from
gaming had surpassed $600 million. This dramatic shift from poverty
to relative economic security has created tangible benefits for
tribal citizens, including employment, universal health insurance,
and social services. Renewed political self-governance and economic
strength have reversed decades of U.S. settler-state control. At
the same time, gaming has brought new dilemmas to reservation
communities and triggered outside accusations that Seminoles are
sacrificing their culture by embracing capitalism. In "High
Stakes," Jessica R. Cattelino tells the story of Seminoles' complex
efforts to maintain politically and culturally distinct values in a
time of new prosperity.
Cattelino presents a vivid ethnographic account of the history
and consequences of Seminole gaming. Drawing on research conducted
with tribal permission, she describes casino operations, chronicles
the everyday life and history of the Seminole Tribe, and shares the
insights of individual Seminoles. At the same time, she unravels
the complex connections among cultural difference, economic power,
and political rights. Through analyses of Seminole housing, museum
and language programs, legal disputes, and everyday activities, she
shows how Seminoles use gaming revenue to enact their sovereignty.
They do so in part, she argues, through relations of
interdependency with others. "High Stakes" compels rethinking of
the conditions of indigeneity, the power of money, and the meaning
of sovereignty.
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