The unrepresentativeness of the U.S. House of
Representatives--in terms of ethnicity, gender, race, and
socio--economic status--and its nearly closed system for election
have generated questions about the legitimacy and authority of the
House as an institution which represents citizens and whether House
membership should mirror directly the diverse population of the
nation.
This essay collection examines the causes of the
unrepresentative character of the House and offers recommendations
to make it a more representative deliberative body. The
single-member district system is the major causal factor of the
unrepresentativeness, and alternative electoral
systems--single-transferable vote types of proportional
representation, cumulative voting, and limited voting--are
examined. The alternative electoral systems are multi-member
district ones and can be employed only if Congress repeals its
requirement that members of the House be elected by single-member
districts. Other possible reforms include enlargement of the size
of the House, term limits, a new system of election campaign
finance, and more effective regulation of campaign contributions
and expenditures. The essays provide balanced views on the effects
of various reform proposals by including chapters by experts who
warn of the possible unintended effects of reforms or argue that
the proposed reforms are not needed and stress the need for actions
to strengthen deliberations, promote civility, adjust the committee
system, reduce the workload of members, and promote better public
understanding of the House. An important collection for students,
scholars, and researchers interested in the workings of Congress
and American politics.
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