This thesis offers novel insights into the time-dependent
structural evolution of polymers under deformation. In-situ tensile
experiments at high-brilliance synchrotron sources allowed to
characterize the material with unrivaled resolution in time and
space. The strain-induced crystallization in natural rubber was
studied by wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Special emphasis was put
on the establishment of new structure-property relationships to
give a more in-depth understanding of the mechanical performance of
rubber parts, e.g. in tear fatigue loading. To this end, the
kinetics of strain-induced crystallization were investigated,
subjecting the material to high strain rates. The local structure
around a crack tip was observed by scanning wide-angle X-ray
diffraction. Ultra-small angle X-ray scattering served to study
filled elastomers under deformation, from specially prepared model
filler systems to industrially relevant carbon black filled
rubbers. Other methods include electron microscopy coupled with
in-situ tensile testing and optical dilatometry to examine
cavitation in rubbers.The underlying theory as well as a literature
review are covered by an extensive introductory chapter, followed
by a description of the experimental techniques. The results are
presented in more detail than in the original journal
publications.
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