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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Ethics & moral philosophy
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The Point of View of the Universe - Sidgwick and Contemporary Ethics (Hardcover)
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The Point of View of the Universe - Sidgwick and Contemporary Ethics (Hardcover)
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What does the idea of taking 'the point of view of the universe'
tell us about ethics? The great nineteenth-century utilitarian
Henry Sidgwick used this metaphor to present what he took to be a
self-evident moral truth: the good of one individual is of no more
importance than the good of any other. Ethical judgments, he held,
are objective truths that we can know by reason. The ethical axioms
he took to be self-evident provide a foundation for utilitarianism.
He supplements this foundation with an argument that nothing except
states of consciousness have ultimate value, which led him to hold
that pleasure is the only thing that is intrinsically good. Are
these claims defensible? Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek and Peter Singer
test them against a variety of views held by contemporary writers
in ethics, and conclude that they are. This book is therefore a
defence of objectivism in ethics, and of hedonistic utilitarianism.
The authors also explore, and in most cases support, Sidgwick's
views on many other key questions in ethics: how to justify an
ethical theory, the significance of an evolutionary explanation of
our moral judgments, the choice between preference-utilitarianism
and hedonistic utilitarianism, the conflict between self-interest
and universal benevolence, whether something that it would be wrong
to do openly can be right if kept secret, how demanding
utilitarianism is, whether we should discount the future, or favor
those who are worse off, the moral status of animals, and what is
an optimum population.
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