Now that the welfare system has been largely dismantled, the fate
of America's poor depends on what happens to them in the low-wage
labor market. In this timely volume, Katherine S. Newman explores
whether the poorest workers and families benefited from the tight
labor markets and good economic times of the late 1990s. Following
black and Latino workers in Harlem, who began their work lives
flipping burgers, she finds more good news than we might have
expected coming out of a high-poverty neighborhood. Many adult
workers returned to school and obtained trade certificates, high
school diplomas, and college degrees. Their persistence paid off in
the form of better jobs, higher pay, and greater self-respect.
Others found union jobs and, as a result, brought home bigger
paychecks, health insurance, and a pension. More than 20 percent of
those profiled in "Chutes and Ladders" are no longer poor.
A very different story emerges among those who floundered even
in a good economy. Weighed down by family obligations or troubled
partners and hindered by poor training and prejudice, these "low
riders" moved in and out of the labor market, on and off public
assistance, and continued to depend upon the kindness of family and
friends.
Supplementing finely drawn ethnographic portraits, Newman
examines the national picture to show that patterns around the
country paralleled the findings from some of New York's most
depressed neighborhoods. More than a story of the shifting fortunes
of the labor market, "Chutes and Ladders" asks probing questions
about the motivations of low-wage workers, the dreams they have for
the future, and their understanding of the rules of the game.
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