Around the world, familiar ideological conflicts over the market
are becoming increasingly territorialized in the form of policy
conflicts between national and subnational governments. Thanks to a
series of trends like globalization, democratization, and
especially decentralization, subnational governments are now in a
position to more effectively challenge the ideological orientation
of the national government. The book conceptualizes these
challenges as operating in two related but distinct modes. The
first stems from elected subnational officials who use their
authority, resources, and legitimacy to design, implement, and
defend subnational policy regimes that deviate ideologically from
national policy regimes. The second occurs when these same
officials use their authority, resources, and legitimacy to
question, oppose, and alter the ideological content of national
policy regimes. The book focuses on three similarly-situated
countries in Latin America where these two types of policy
challenges met different fates; neither challenge succeeded in
Peru, both succeeded in Bolivia, and Ecuador experienced an
intermediate outcome marked by the success of the first type of
challenge (i.e. the defence of a deviant, neoliberal subnational
policy regime) and the failure of the second (i.e. the inability to
alter a statist national policy regime). Derived from the in-depth
study of these countries, the book's theoretical argument
emphasizes three critical variables: 1) the structural significance
of the territory over which subnational elected officials preside,
2) the level of institutional capacity they can harness, and 3) the
strength of the societal coalitions they can build both within and
across subnational jurisdictions. Transformations in Governance is
a major new academic book series from Oxford University Press. It
is designed to accommodate the impressive growth of research in
comparative politics, international relations, public policy,
federalism, environmental and urban studies concerned with the
dispersion of authority from central states up to supranational
institutions, down to subnational governments, and side-ways to
public-private networks. It brings together work that significantly
advances our understanding of the organization, causes, and
consequences of multilevel and complex governance. The series is
selective, containing annually a small number of books of
exceptionally high quality by leading and emerging scholars. The
series targets mainly single-authored or co-authored work, but it
is pluralistic in terms of disciplinary specialization, research
design, method, and geographical scope. Case studies as well as
comparative studies, historical as well as contemporary studies,
and studies with a national, regional, or international focus are
all central to its aims. Authors use qualitative, quantitative,
formal modeling, or mixed methods. A trade mark of the books is
that they combine scholarly rigour with readable prose and an
attractive production style. The series is edited by Liesbet Hooghe
and Gary Marks of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill,
and Walter Mattli of the University of Oxford.
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