This title details a century and a half of copper mining along
Upper Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula, from the arrival of the first
incorporated mines in the 1840s until the closing of the last mine
in the mid-1990s. In "Hollowed Ground", author Larry Lankton tells
the story of two copper industries on Lake Superior - native copper
mining, which produced about 11 billion pounds of the metal from
the 1840s until the late 1960s, and copper sulfide mining, which
began in the 1950s and produced another 4.4 billion pounds of
copper through the 1990s. In addition to documenting companies and
their mines, mills, and smelters, Hollowed Ground is also a
community study. It examines the region's population and ethnic
mix, which was a direct result of the mining industry, and the
companies' paternalistic involvement in community building. While
this book covers the history of the entire Lake Superior mining
industry, it particularly focuses on the three biggest, most
important, and longest-lived companies: Calumet & Hecla, Copper
Range, and Quincy. Lankton shows the extent of the companies'
influence over their mining locations, as they constructed the
houses and neighborhoods of their company towns, set the course of
local schools, saw that churches got land to build on, encouraged
the growth of commercial villages on the margin of a mine, and even
provided pasturage for workers' milk cows and space for vegetable
gardens. Lankton also traces the interconnected fortunes of the
mining communities and their companies through times of bustling
economic growth and periods of decline and closure. "Hollowed
Ground" presents a wealth of images from Upper Michigan's mining
towns, reflecting a century and a half of unique community and
industrial history. Local historians, industrial historians, and
anyone interested in the history of Michigan's Upper Peninsula will
appreciate this informative volume.
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