In the middle of the fourteenth century, the Franciscan friar
John of Rupescissa sent a dramatic warning to his followers: the
last days were coming; the apocalypse was near. Deemed insane by
the Christian church, Rupescissa had spent more than a decade
confined to prisons--in one case wrapped in chains and locked under
a staircase--yet ill treatment could not silence the friar's
apocalyptic message.
Religious figures who preached the end times were hardly rare in
the late Middle Ages, but Rupescissa's teachings were unique. He
claimed that knowledge of the natural world, and alchemy in
particular, could act as a defense against the plagues and wars of
the last days. His melding of apocalyptic prophecy and
quasi-scientific inquiry gave rise to a new genre of alchemical
writing and a novel cosmology of heaven and earth. Most important,
the friar's research represented a remarkable convergence between
science and religion.
In order to understand scientific knowledge today, Leah DeVun
asks that we revisit Rupescissa's life and the critical events of
his age--the Black Death, the Hundred Years' War, the Avignon
Papacy--through his eyes. Rupescissa treated alchemy as medicine
(his work was the conceptual forerunner of pharmacology) and
represented the emerging technologies and views that sought to
combat famine, plague, religious persecution, and war. The advances
he pioneered, along with the exciting strides made by his
contemporaries, shed critical light on later developments in
medicine, pharmacology, and chemistry.
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