'Religion and the Rise of History' is the rst study to apply the
ideal type or model-building methodology of Otto Hintze (1861-1940)
to Western historical thought or to what R.G. Collingwood called
"The Idea of History," for it contains succinct and useful models
for seeing and teaching classical, Christian, and modern
professional historiography. It is also the rst work to suggest
that, in addition to his well-known paradoxical, simul, and/or
"at-the-same-time" way of thinking, Martin Luther also held to a
path that was deeply incarnational, dynamic, and/or "in-with-and
under." This dual vision strongly in uenced Leibniz, Hamann, and
Herder, and was therefore a matter of considerable signi cance for
the rise of a distinctly modern form of historical consciousness
(commonly called "historicism") in Protestant Germany. Building
upon this, Smith's essay suggests a new time period for the
formative age of modern German thought, culture, and education:
"The Cultural Revolution in Germany," This age began in the early
1760s and culminated in 1810 with the founding of the University of
Berlin, the rst fully "modern" and "modernising" university. The
university rst became the recognized center for the study of
history through the work of Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886), who
derived his individualising way of thinking mainly from Luther.
Smith goes on to detail the rise of history from a calling to a
profession, and how the discussion between Troeltsch, Meinecke, and
Hintze concerning the nature of modern historical thought was of
central importance for the reorientation of Western
social-historical thought in the twentieth century. Leonard S.
Smith is Emeritus Professor of History at California Lutheran
University, Thousand Oaks, California. "Leonard Smith's book is, in
its origins and goals, a deeply pedagogical work. He addresses a
central problem in the history of eighteenth-century German and
European thought, the emergence of a new, evolutionary view of
history called 'historicism'. Enabled by Luther's incarnational
theology, historicism received its first formulation, Smith argues,
from Leibniz and his successors and achieved its public place in
the new University of Berlin (est. 1810). This book is a splendid
marriage of classical themes with new and original insights.
Everyone interested in the evolution of European historical thought
should read it." - Thomas A. Brady Jr., University of California,
Berkeley "This book breaks new ground in showing how Martin Luther
shaped the philosophical pioneers of a new worldview based upon the
study of history. A textbook for minds curious about a philosophy
of history." - Eric W. Gritsch, Gettysburg Lutheran Seminary
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