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Solar Neutrons and Related Phenomena (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2010)
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Solar Neutrons and Related Phenomena (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2010)
Series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 365
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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Short Historical Overview In the 1940s, two phenomena in the ?eld
of cosmic rays (CR) forced scientists to think that the Sun is a
powerful source of high-energy particles. One of these was
discovered because of the daily solar variation of CR, which the
maximum number of CR observed near noon (referring to the existence
of continuous ?ux of CR from the direction of the Sun); this became
the experimental basis of the theory that CR's originate from the
Sun (or, for that matter, from within the solar system) (Alfven
1954). The second phenomenon was discovered when large ?uxes of
high energy particles were detected from several solar ?ares, or
solar CR. These are the - called ground level events (GLE), and
were ?rst observed by ionization chambers shielded by 10 cm Pb (and
detected mainly from the secondary muon-component CR that they
caused) during the events of the 28th of February 1942, the 7th of
March 1942, the 25th of July 1946, and the 19th of November 1949.
The biggest such event was detected on the 23rd of February 1956
(see the detailed description in Chapters X and XI of Dorman,
M1957). The ?rst phenomenon was investigated in detail in Dorman
(M1957), by ?rst correcting experimental data on muon temperature
effects and then by using coupling functions to determine the
change in particle energy caused by the solar-diurnal CR variation.
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