With the dual and often conflicting responsibilities of deterring
illegal immigration and providing services to legal immigrants, the
U. S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) is a bureaucracy
beset with contradictions. Critics fault the agency for failing to
stop the entry of undocumented workers from Mexico. Agency staff
complain that harsh enforcement policies discourage legal
immigrants from seeking INS aid, while ever-changing policy
mandates from Congress and a lack of funding hinder both
enforcement and service activities. In this book, Lisa Magana
convincingly argues that a profound disconnection between
national-level policymaking and local-level policy implementation
prevents the INS from effectively fulfilling either its enforcement
or its service mission. She begins with a history and analysis of
the making of immigration policy which reveals that federal and
state lawmakers respond more to the concerns, fears, and prejudices
of the public than to the realities of immigration or the needs of
the INS. She then illustrates the effects of shifting and
conflicting mandates through case studies of INS implementation of
the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, Proposition 187,
and the 1996 Welfare Reform and Responsibility Act and their impact
on Mexican immigrants. Magana concludes with fact-based
recommendations to improve the agency's performance.
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