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Books > Social sciences > Education > Schools > Primary / junior schools
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Education Reform in Mozambique - Lessons and Challenges (Paperback, New)
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Education Reform in Mozambique - Lessons and Challenges (Paperback, New)
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Coming out of civil war, Mozambique had an enormous education
deficit. In 1997, five years after the peace treaty, 80 percent of
the labor force reported to have no education at all, and school
enrollment outside the large cities was miserable. Since then,
Mozambique has come a long way in improving access to lower and
upper primary through sustained investments in education
infrastructure and introduction of important reforms. The primary
education reform programs implemented in 2004, combined with a
continuing program of school construction and teacher training,
resulted in a 70% increase in enrollment in EP1 over 4 years with
the highest gains for the poorest and most vulnerable children. Yet
there was only a slight increase in student/teacher ratios. How did
Mozambique do this, and what are the lessons going foward? The most
important part of the reform appears to be the removal of the
national school fee for primary level and the provision of free
textbooks. These reforms provided the boost that poorer households
needed to get their children in school. Continued investments in
school construction helped as well. However, despite these efforts,
there is still an education deficit. In 2008, over 1 million
children who should be attending primary school were not. Over half
of the children who began grade 1 in 2000 did not complete grade 7
by 2008. One reason is that school costs remain high, especially
for grades 6 and above (EP2+). And quality is still not adequate in
many schools. As a result, the transformation of the labor force is
slow, as over half of the females who entered the labor force in
the decade since 1997 did not even complete EP1. Analysis of
employment and livelihood opportunities indicates that the
transition out of subsistence agriculture requires primary
education. This means that to achieve inclusive growth, the key
strategic objective of the education system needs to be ensuring
that as many children as possible start and finish primary school
with competency in the basic subjects, as well as the skills to
allow them to find productive economic activities and make these
activities pay This book is aimed at policy makers in the education
field. .
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