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The Computation of Fixed Points and Applications (Paperback, 1976 ed.)
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The Computation of Fixed Points and Applications (Paperback, 1976 ed.)
Series: Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 124
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Fixed-point algorithms have diverse applications in economics,
optimization, game theory and the numerical solution of
boundary-value problems. Since Scarf's pioneering work [56,57] on
obtaining approximate fixed points of continuous mappings, a great
deal of research has been done in extending the applicability and
improving the efficiency of fixed-point methods. Much of this work
is available only in research papers, although Scarf's book [58]
gives a remarkably clear exposition of the power of fixed-point
methods. However, the algorithms described by Scarf have been
super~eded by the more sophisticated restart and homotopy
techniques of Merrill [~8,~9] and Eaves and Saigal [1~,16]. To
understand the more efficient algorithms one must become familiar
with the notions of triangulation and simplicial approxi- tion,
whereas Scarf stresses the concept of primitive set. These notes
are intended to introduce to a wider audience the most recent
fixed-point methods and their applications. Our approach is
therefore via triangu- tions. For this reason, Scarf is cited less
in this manuscript than his contri- tions would otherwise warrant.
We have also confined our treatment of applications to the
computation of economic equilibria and the solution of optimization
problems. Hansen and Koopmans [28] apply fixed-point methods to the
computation of an invariant optimal capital stock in an economic
growth model. Applications to game theory are discussed in Scarf
[56,58], Shapley [59], and Garcia, Lemke and Luethi [24]. Allgower
[1] and Jeppson [31] use fixed-point algorithms to find many
solutions to boundary-value problems.
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