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Wholesome Dwellings: Housing Need in Oxford and the Municipal Response, 1800-1939 (Paperback)
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Wholesome Dwellings: Housing Need in Oxford and the Municipal Response, 1800-1939 (Paperback)
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A shortage of affordable new housing, builders choosing to build
larger, more profitable houses, and a diminishing stock of cheap
houses for rent. All this sounds very familiar today, but at the
end of the Great War, scarcely any houses had been built for four
years and there was political pressure to build 'Homes for Heroes',
impelled to a degree by fear of revolution. Council housing,
supported by central government funding, was the chosen solution in
1919, and this study by Malcolm Graham, a leading Oxford local
historian for many years, examines the consequences in Oxford, then
a university city on the cusp of change. Behind the city's Dreaming
Spires image, housing for the working population was already in
short supply, but an economy-minded and largely non-political City
Council had always been reluctant to intervene in the housing
market. In 1919, there was no hint of the city's industrial future,
and the City Council saw the replacement of substandard houses as
its main challenge. The meteoric rise of the local motor industry
in the early 1920s led to rapid population growth and created a
massive new demand for cheap housing. Dr Graham examines the uneasy
partnership between the City Council and Whitehall which led to the
building of over 3,000 council houses in Oxford between the Wars.
The provision of these 'wholesome dwellings' was a substantial, and
lasting, achievement, but private builders were in fact catering
for most housing need in and around the city by the 1930s. The
notorious Cutteslowe Walls, built to exclude council tenants from
an adjoining private estate, reflected the way in which the growing
city was being socially segregated. Dr Graham provides a
fascinating insight into how modern Oxford evolved away from the
university buildings and college quadrangles for which the city is
internationally renowned.
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