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Distributive Politics in Developing Countries - Almost Pork (Hardcover)
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Distributive Politics in Developing Countries - Almost Pork (Hardcover)
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This book explores the increasing use of Constituency Development
Funds (CDFs) in emerging democratic governments in Africa, Asia,
the Caribbean, and Oceania. CDFs dedicate public money to benefit
parliamentary constituencies through allocations and/or spending
decisions influenced by Members of Parliament (MPs). The
contributors employ the term CDF as a generic term although such
funds have a different names, such as Electoral Development funds
(Papua New Guinea), Constituency Development Catalyst Funds
(Tanzania), Member of Parliament Local Area Development Fund
(India), and the like. In some ways, the funds resemble the ad hoc
pork barrel policy making employed in the US Congress for the past
200 years. However, unlike earmarks, CDFs generally become
institutionalized in the government s annual budget and are
distributed according to different criteria in each country. They
enable MPs to influence programs in their constituencies that
finance education, and build bridges, roads, community centers,
clinics and schools. In this sense, a CDF is a politicized form of
spending that can help fill in the important gaps in government
services in constituencies that have not been addressed in the
government s larger, comprehensive policy programs. This first
comprehensive treatment of CDFs in the academic and development
literatures emerges from a project at the State University of New
York Center for International Development (SUNY CID). This project
has explored CDFs in 19 countries and has developed indicators on
their emergence, operations and oversight. The contributors provide
detailed case studies of the emergence and operations of CDFs in
Kenya, Uganda, Jamaica, and India, as well as an analysis of
earmarks in the U.S. Congress, and a broader analysis of the
emergence of the funds in Africa. They cover the emergence,
institutionalization, and accountability of these funds, analyze
key issues in their operations, and offer provisional conclusions
of what the emergence and operations of these funds say about the
democratization of politics in developing countries and current
approaches to international support for democratic governance in
developing countries."
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