This book is a thought-provoking study of the Palestine campaign
fought by the British-led Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) from
1917 to the withdrawal from Syria in 1919. The book also provides a
reassessment of General Allenby's role as a forceful and mercurial
commander in the events of this period.
Under Allenby's command, the EEF first captured Jerusalem in
December 1917, then annihilated the Turkish armies in Palestine at
Megiddo in 1918 and proceeded to occupy the whole of the Levant.
However, Matthew Hughes points out that these famous military
successes mask the realities of the campaign which was poorly
organised and executed, and, as a result, did little to defeat the
Central Alliance. Prime Minister Lloyd George and his advisers,
notably General Robertson, disagreed over the purpose of the
Palestine campaign and this further impeded Allenby.
Hughes goes on to show that the occupation of the Middle East by
the British was more useful in providing for a peace settlement
favourable to the British empire. After installing the
pro-Hashemite Arabs in Damascus at the war's end, the British were
able to gain France's acceptance for their occupation of Palestine
and northern Iraq. However, the British were unable to persuade
France to agree to adjustments of the eastern border of Syria for a
land route to Palestine from Iraq. Therefore, in 1919, with its
imperial needs satisfied and the need to retrench paramount,
Britain withdrew from Syria.
General
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