This book examines the Reserve Officers Training Corps program as a
distinctively American expression of the social, cultural, and
political meanings of military service. Since 1950, ROTC has
produced nearly two out of three American active duty officers, yet
there has been no comprehensive scholarly look at civilian officer
education programs in nearly forty years.
While most modern military systems educate and train junior
officers at insular academies like West Point, only the United
States has relied heavily on the active cooperation of its civilian
colleges. Michael Neiberg argues that the creation of officer
education programs on civilian campuses emanates from a traditional
American belief (which he traces to the colonial period) in the
active participation of civilians in military affairs. Although
this ideology changed shape through the twentieth century, it never
disappeared. During the Cold War military buildup, ROTC came to
fill two roles: it provided the military with large numbers of
well-educated officers, and it provided the nation with a military
comprised of citizen-soldiers. Even during the Vietnam era,
officers, university administrators, and most students understood
ROTC's dual role. The Vietnam War thus led to reform, not
abandonment, of ROTC.
Mining diverse sources, including military and university
archives, "Making Citizen-Soldiers" provides an in-depth look at an
important, but often overlooked, connection between the civilian
and military spheres.
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