At the turn of the twenty-first century, with the amount of
money emigrants sent home soaring to new highs, governments around
the world began searching for ways to capitalize on emigration for
economic growth, and they looked to nations that already had
policies in place. Morocco and Mexico featured prominently as
sources of "best practices" in this area, with tailor-made
financial instruments that brought migrants into the banking
system, captured remittances for national development projects,
fostered partnerships with emigrants for infrastructure design and
provision, hosted transnational forums for development planning,
and emboldened cross-border political lobbies.
In Creative State, Natasha Iskander chronicles how these
innovative policies emerged and evolved over forty years. She
reveals that the Moroccan and Mexican policies emulated as models
of excellence were not initially devised to link emigration to
development, but rather were deployed to strengthen both
governments' domestic hold on power. The process of policy design,
however, was so iterative and improvisational that neither the
governments nor their migrant constituencies ever predicted, much
less intended, the ways the new initiatives would gradually but
fundamentally redefine nationhood, development, and citizenship.
Morocco's and Mexico's experiences with migration and development
policy demonstrate that far from being a prosaic institution
resistant to change, the state can be a remarkable site of
creativity, an essential but often overlooked component of good
governance.
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