If justice in the Arab world is often marked by a lack of autonomy
of the judiciary toward the executive power, one of the
characteristic features of the Egyptian judiciary lies in its
strength and activism in the defense of democratic values. Judges
have been struggling for years to enhance their independence from
the executive power and exercise full supervision of the electoral
process to achieve transparent elections. Recent years have seen
growing tensions in Egypt between the judiciary and the executive
authority. In order to gain concessions, judges went as far as to
threaten to boycott the supervision of the presidential and
legislative elections in the fall of 2005 and to organize sit-ins
in the streets. The struggle between the two powers was in full
swing in the spring of 2006, when a conference convened in Cairo in
early April on the theme of the role of judges in the process of
political reform in Egypt and the Arab world. The conference was
organized by the Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS)
in cooperation with the Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement
(IRD). This book is a collection of papers from the conference
dealing with Egypt. They allow a better understanding of the role
judges are playing in the process of democratic reform in Egypt as
well as the limits of their struggle.
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