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The Federal Prison Population Buildup - Overview, Policy Changes, Issues, and Options (Paperback)
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The Federal Prison Population Buildup - Overview, Policy Changes, Issues, and Options (Paperback)
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Loot Price R436
Discovery Miles 4 360
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Total price: R456
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Since the early 1980s, there has been a historically unprecedented
increase in the federal prison population. Some of the growth is
attributable to changes in federal criminal justice policy during
the previous three decades. An issue before Congress is whether
policymakers consider the rate of growth in the federal prison
population sustainable, and if not, what changes could be made to
federal criminal justice policy to reduce the prison population
while maintaining public safety. This report explores the issues
related to the growing federal prison population. The number of
inmates under the Bureau of Prisons' (BOP) jurisdiction has
increased from approximately 25,000 in FY1980 to nearly 219,000 in
FY2012. Since FY1980, the federal prison population has increased,
on average, by approximately 6,100 inmates each year. Data show
that a growing proportion of inmates are being incarcerated for
immigration- and weapons-related offenses, but the largest portion
of newly admitted inmates are being incarcerated for drug offenses.
Data also show that approximately 7 in 10 inmates are sentenced for
five years or less. Changes in federal sentencing and correctional
policy since the early 1980s have contributed to the rapid growth
in the federal prison population. These changes include increasing
the number of federal offenses subject to mandatory minimum
sentences; changes to the federal criminal code that have made more
crimes federal offenses; and eliminating parole. There are several
issues related to the growing federal prison population that might
be of interest to policymakers: The increasing number of federal
inmates, combined with the rising per capita cost of incarceration,
has made it increasingly more expensive to operate and maintain the
federal prison system. The per capita cost of incarceration for all
inmates increased from $19,571 in FY2000 to $26,094 in FY2011.
During this same period of time, appropriations for the BOP
increased from $3.668 billion to $6.381 billion; The federal prison
system is increasingly overcrowded. Overall, the federal prison
system was 39% over its rated capacity in FY2011, but high- and
medium-security male facilities were operating at 51% and 55%,
respectively, over rated capacity. At issue is whether overcrowding
might lead to more inmate misconduct. The results of research on
this topic have been mixed; The inmate-to-staff ratio has increased
from 4.1 inmates per staff member in FY2000 to 4.9 inmates per
staff member in FY2011. Likewise, the inmate to correctional
officer ratio increased from 9.8 inmates per correctional officer
in FY2000 to 10.2 inmates per correctional officer in FY2011, but
this is down from a high of 10.9 inmates per correctional officer
in FY2005; The growing prison population is taking a toll on the
infrastructure of the federal prison system. The BOP reports that
it has a backlog of 154 modernization and repair projects with an
approximate cost of $349 million for FY2012. Past appropriations
left the BOP in a position where it could expand bedspace to manage
overcrowding but not reduce it. However, reductions in funding
since FY2010 mean that the BOP will lack the funding to begin new
prison construction in the near future. At the same time, it has
become more expensive to expand the BOP's capacity. Should Congress
choose to consider policy options to address the issues resulting
from the growth in the federal prison population, policymakers
could choose options such as increasing the capacity of the federal
prison system by building more prisons, investing in rehabilitative
programming, or placing more inmates in private prisons.
Policymakers might also consider whether they want to revise some
of the policy changes that have been made over the past three
decades that have contributed to the steadily increasing number of
offenders being incarcerated.
General
Imprint: |
Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
|
Country of origin: |
United States |
Release date: |
February 2013 |
First published: |
February 2013 |
Authors: |
Nathan James
|
Dimensions: |
279 x 216 x 3mm (L x W x T) |
Format: |
Paperback - Trade
|
Pages: |
62 |
ISBN-13: |
978-1-4825-2795-7 |
Categories: |
Books >
Law >
Laws of other jurisdictions & general law >
Criminal law
|
LSN: |
1-4825-2795-2 |
Barcode: |
9781482527957 |
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