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Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications for the Economic Research Service - A Workshop Summary (Paperback)
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Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications for the Economic Research Service - A Workshop Summary (Paperback)
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The U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service
(USDA/ERS) maintains four highly related but distinct geographic
classification systems to designate areas by the degree to which
they are rural. The original urban-rural code scheme was developed
by the ERS in the 1970s. Rural America today is very different from
the rural America of 1970 described in the first rural
classification report. At that time migration to cities and poverty
among the people left behind was a central concern. The more rural
a residence, the more likely a person was to live in poverty, and
this relationship held true regardless of age or race. Since the
1970s the interstate highway system was completed and broadband was
developed. Services have become more consolidated into larger
centers. Some of the traditional rural industries, farming and
mining, have prospered, and there has been rural amenity-based
in-migration. Many major structural and economic changes have
occurred during this period. These factors have resulted in a quite
different rural economy and society since 1970. In April 2015, the
Committee on National Statistics convened a workshop to explore the
data, estimation, and policy issues for rationalizing the multiple
classifications of rural areas currently in use by the Economic
Research Service (ERS). Participants aimed to help ERS make
decisions regarding the generation of a county rural-urban scale
for public use, taking into consideration the changed social and
economic environment. This report summarizes the presentations and
discussions from the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1
Introduction 2 Official U.S. Rural Area Classification Systems 3
Other Rural Area Classification Systems Used in the United States
and Internationally 4 Changes in Society and Economy and Their
Impact on Rural Area Classifications 5 Different Ways to
Conceptualize Rural Areas in Metropolitan Society 6 Uses of Current
Rural Classification Systems 7 Changes in Social Science Data and
Methods 8 Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of Rural Area
Classifications 9 Closing Remarks Bibliography Appendix A: ERS
Goals for Workshop on Rural Classifications Appendix B: Historical
Development of ERS Rural-Urban Classification Systems--John
Cromartie Appendix C: Workshop Agenda and List of Participants
Appendix D: Biographical Sketches of Steering Committee Members
Committee on National Statistics
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