A new software tool was needed for flight planning of a high
altitude, low speed unmanned aerial vehicle which would be flying
in winds close to the actual airspeed of the vehicle. An energy
modeled NLP (non-linear programming) formulation was used to obtain
results for a variety of missions and wind profiles. The energy
constraint derived included terms due to the wind field and the
performance index was a weighted combination of the amount of fuel
used and the final time. With no emphasis on time and with no winds
the vehicle was found to fly at maximum lift to drag velocity,
V(sub md). When flying in tail winds the velocity was less than
V(sub md), while flying in head winds the velocity was higher than
V(sub md). A family of solutions was found with varying times of
flight and varying fuel amounts consumed which will aid the
operator in choosing a flight plan depending on a desired landing
time. At certain parts of the flight, the turning terms in the
energy constraint equation were found to be significant. An
analysis of a simpler vertical plane cruise optimal control problem
was used to explain some of the characteristics of the vertical
plane NLP results.
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