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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Fish Stock Rebuilding Plans in the United States (Paperback)
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Fish Stock Rebuilding Plans in the United States (Paperback)
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In the United States (U.S.), the Fishery Conservation and
Management Act of 1976, now known as the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act (MSFCMA), was the first major
legislation to regulate federal fisheries in the U.S. Fishery
Conservation Zone (later designated as the U.S. exclusive economic
zone). The re-authorization of the MSFCMA passed by Congress in
2006 included additional mandates for conserving and rebuilding
fish stocks and strengthening the role of scientific advice in
fisheries management. Approximately 20% of the fisheries that have
been assessed are considered overfished according to the September
2012 stock status Report to Congress prepared by the U.S. National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Overfished refers to
a stock that is below the minimum stock size threshold, commonly
set to half the stock size at which maximum sustainable yield (MSY)
is achieved. Under the provisions of the MSFCMA, rebuilding plans
for overfished stocks should take no more than 10 years, except
when certain provisions apply. Rebuilding mandates have led to
substantial reductions in catch and effort for many fisheries,
raising concerns about the consequent social and economic impacts
to the fishing communities and industry. Evaluating the
Effectiveness of Fish Stock Rebuilding Plans in the United States
reviews the technical specifications that underlie current
federally-implemented rebuilding plans, and the outcomes of those
plans. According to this report, fisheries management has evolved
substantially since 1977 when the U.S. extended its jurisdiction to
8 200 miles, in the direction of being more prescriptive and
precautionary in terms of preventing overfishing and rebuilding
overfished fisheries. However, the trade-offs between precaution
and yield have not been fully evaluated. Evaluating the
Effectiveness of Fish Stock Rebuilding Plans in the United States
discusses the methods and criteria used to set target fishing
mortality and biomass levels for rebuilding overfished stocks, and
to determine the probability that a particular stock will rebuild
by a certain date. This report will be of interest to the fishing
industry, ecology professionals, and members of Congress as they
debate the renewal of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and
Management Act. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1
Introduction 2 U.S. Fisheries Management and the Law 3 Review of
Federally Implemented Rebuilding Plans 4 Technical Considerations
in Developing Rebuilding Plans 5 Ecosystem Considerations 6 Human
Dimensions of Rebuilding 7 Looking Forward References Appendix A:
Committee and Staff Biographies Appendix B: List of Acronyms
Appendix C: Time Series Plots
General
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