In 1950 men and women in the United States had a combined life
expectancy of 68.9 years, the 12th highest life expectancy at birth
in the world. Today, life expectancy is up to 79.2 years, yet the
country is now 28th on the list, behind the United Kingdom, Korea,
Canada, and France, among others. The United States does have
higher rates of infant mortality and violent deaths than in other
developed countries, but these factors do not fully account for the
country's relatively poor ranking in life expectancy. International
Differences in Mortality at Older Ages: Dimensions and Sources
examines patterns in international differences in life expectancy
above age 50 and assesses the evidence and arguments that have been
advanced to explain the poor position of the United States relative
to other countries. The papers in this deeply researched volume
identify gaps in measurement, data, theory, and research design and
pinpoint areas for future high-priority research in this area. In
addition to examining the differences in mortality around the
world, the papers in International Differences in Mortality at
Older Ages look at health factors and life-style choices commonly
believed to contribute to the observed international differences in
life expectancy. They also identify strategic opportunities for
health-related interventions. This book offers a wide variety of
disciplinary and scholarly perspectives to the study of mortality,
and it offers in-depth analyses that can serve health
professionals, policy makers, statisticians, and researchers. Table
of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction and Overview--Eileen M.
Crimmins, Samuel H. Preston, and Barney Cohen Part I: Levels and
Trends 2 Diverging Trends in Life Expectancy at Age 50: A Look at
Causes of Death--Dana A. Glei, France Mesle, and Jacques Vallin 3
Are International Differences in Health Similar to International
Differences in Life Expectancy?--Eileen M. Crimmins, Krista Garcia,
and Jung Ki Kim Part II: Identifying Causal Explanations 4
Contribution of Smoking to International Differences in Life
Expectancy--Samuel H. Preston, Dana A. Glei, and John R. Wilmoth 5
Divergent Patterns of Smoking Across High-Income Nations--Fred
Pampel 6 Can Obesity Account for Cross-National Differences in
Life-Expectancy Trends?--Dawn E. Alley, Jennifer Lloyd, and
Michelle Shardell 7 The Contribution of Physical Activity to
Divergent Trends in Longevity--Andrew Steptoe and Anna Wikman 8 Do
Cross-Country Variations in Social Integration and Social
Interactions Explain Differences in Life Expectancy in
Industrialized Countries?--James Banks, Lisa Berkman, and James P.
Smith with Mauricio Avendano and Maria Glymour Part III: The U.S.
Health System 9 Low Life Expectancy in the United States: Is the
Health Care System at Fault?--Samuel H. Preston and Jessica Ho 10
Can Hormone Therapy Account for American Women's Survival
Disadvantage?--Noreen Goldman Part IV: Inequality 11 Do Americans
Have Higher Mortality Than Europeans at All Levels of the Education
Distribution?: A Comparison of the United States and 14 European
Countries--Mauricio Avendano, Renske Kok, Maria Glymour, Lisa
Berkman, Ichiro Kawachi, Anton Kunst, and Johan Mackenbach with
support from members of the Eurothine Consortium 12 Geographic
Differences in Life Expectancy at Age 50 in the United States
Compared with Other High-Income Countries--John R. Wilmoth, Carl
Boe, and Magali Barbieri Part V: International Case Studies 13
Renewed Progress in Life Expectancy: The Case of the
Netherlands--Johan Mackenbach and Joop Garssen 14 The Divergent
Life-Expectancy Trends in Denmark and Sweden - and Some Potential
Explanations--Kaare Christensen, Michael Davidsen, Knud Juel, Laust
Mortensen, Roland Rau, and James W. Vaupel Biographical Sketches of
Contributors
General
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