SEM study of leaf surfaces are increasingly used in taxonomy for
improving the classification and circumscription of taxa. An
investigation of leaf surfaces of 12 taxa of the family verbenaceae
collected from Peshawar, Pakistan was conducted to analyze and
document the taxonomic implications. The aim of the present study
was to recognize some useful diagnostic features that may be used
as tools for their delimitation. The results indicate that all the
species and varieties (with the exception) have stomata situated
exclusively on the abaxial leaf surface (hypostomatic). Most
species are anisocytic and anomocytic while diacytic stomata are
rare and found only in Lantana camara and Phyla nodiflora. Leaf
surfaces are mostly covered with glandular and non glandular
trichomes. From the cluster analysis of upper and lower epidermis
it is clear that Vitex negundo, Vitex pseudo-negundo and Vitex
agnus-castus are very close to each other and represents a single
line of evolution. It has been concluded that trichomes and
stomatal studies can be used as an additional aid in the
identification of plant species and relationship between the
species.
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