Cognition and Communication - Judgmental Biases, Research Methods, and the Logic of Conversation (Paperback)

Psychological research into human cognition and judgment reveals a wide range of biases and shortcomings. Whether we form impressions of other people, recall episodes from memory, report our attitudes in an opinion poll, or make important decisions, we often get it wrong. The errors made are not trivial and often seem to violate common sense and basic logic. A closer look at the underlying processes, however, suggests that many of the well known fallacies do not necessarily reflect inherent shortcomings of human judgment. Rather, they partially reflect that research participants bring the tacit assumptions that govern the conduct of conversation in daily life to the research situation. According to these assumptions, communicated information comes with a guarantee of relevance and listeners are entitled to assume that the speaker tries to be informative, truthful, relevant, and clear. Moreover, listeners interpret the speakers' utterances on the assumption that they are trying to live up to these ideals. This book introduces social science researchers to the "logic of conversation" developed by Paul Grice, a philosopher of language, who proposed the cooperative principle and a set of maxims on which conversationalists implicitly rely. The author applies this framework to a wide range of topics, including research on person perception, decision making, and the emergence of context effects in attitude measurement and public opinion research. Experimental studies reveal that the biases generally seen in such research are, in part, a function of violations of Gricean conversational norms. The author discusses implications for the design of experiments and questionnaires and addresses the socially contextualized nature of human judgment.

General

Imprint:	Psychology Press
Country of origin:	United Kingdom
Series:	Distinguished Lecture Series
Release date:	August 2014
First published:	1996
Authors:	Norbert Schwarz
Dimensions:	229 x 152 x 10mm (L x W x T)
Format:	Paperback
Pages:	128
ISBN-13:	978-1-138-00264-7
Categories:	Books > Language & Literature > Language & linguistics > Philosophy of language Books > Language & Literature > Language & linguistics > Sociolinguistics Books > Reference & Interdisciplinary > Communication studies > Information theory > General Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Social research & statistics > General Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Cognition & cognitive psychology > General
LSN:	1-138-00264-X
Barcode:	9781138002647

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