During the reception of a piece of information, we are never
passive. Depending on its origin and content, from our personal
beliefs and convictions, we bestow upon this piece of information,
spontaneously or after reflection, a certain amount of confidence.
Too much confidence shows a degree of naivety, whereas an absolute
lack of it condemns us as being paranoid. These two attitudes are
symmetrically detrimental, not only to the proper perception of
this information but also to its use. Beyond these two extremes,
each person generally adopts an intermediate position when faced
with the reception of information, depending on its provenance and
credibility. We still need to understand and explain how these
judgements are conceived, in what context and to what end. Spanning
the approaches offered by philosophy, military intelligence,
algorithmics and information science, this book presents the
concepts of information and the confidence placed in it, the
methods that militaries, the first to be aware of the need, have or
should have adopted, tools to help them, and the prospects that
they have opened up. Beyond the military context, the book reveals
ways to evaluate information for the good of other fields such as
economic intelligence, and, more globally, the informational
monitoring by governments and businesses. Contents 1. Information:
Philosophical Analysis and Strategic Applications, Mouhamadou El
Hady Ba and Philippe Capet. 2. Epistemic Trust, Gloria Origgi. 3.
The Fundamentals of Intelligence, Philippe Lemercier. 4.
Information Evaluation in the Military Domain: Doctrines, Practices
and Shortcomings, Philippe Capet and Adrien Revault d Allonnes. 5.
Multidimensional Approach to Reliability Evaluation of Information
Sources, Frederic Pichon, Christophe Labreuche, Bertrand Duqueroie
and Thomas Delavallade. 6. Uncertainty of an Event and its Markers
in Natural Language Processing, Mouhamadou El Hady Ba, Stephanie
Brizard, Tanneguy Dulong and Benedicte Goujon. 7. Quantitative
Information Evaluation: Modeling and Experimental Evaluation,
Marie-Jeanne Lesot, Frederic Pichon and Thomas Delavallade. 8. When
Reported Information Is Second Hand, Laurence Cholvy. 9. An
Architecture for the Evolution of Trust: Definition and Impact of
the Necessary Dimensions of Opinion Making, Adrien Revault d
Allonnes. About the Authors Philippe Capet is a project manager and
research engineer at Ektimo, working mainly on information
management and control in military contexts. Thomas Delavallade is
an advanced studies engineer at Thales Communications &
Security, working on social media mining in the context of crisis
management, cybersecurity and the fight against cybercrime.
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