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Kant's Thinker (Paperback)
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Kant's Thinker (Paperback)
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Kant's discussion of the relations between cognition and
self-consciousness lie at the heart of the Critique of Pure Reason,
in the celebrated transcendental deduction. Although this section
of Kant's masterpiece is widely believed to contain important
insights into cognition and self-consciousness, it has long been
viewed as unusually obscure. Many philosophers have tried to avoid
the transcendental psychology that Kant employed. By contrast,
Patricia Kitcher follows Kant's careful delineation of the
necessary conditions for knowledge and his intricate argument that
knowledge requires self-consciousness. She argues that far from
being an exercise in armchair psychology, the thesis that thinkers
must be aware of the connections among their mental states offers
an astute analysis of the requirements of rational thought. The
book opens by situating Kant's theories in the then contemporary
debates about "apperception," personal identity and the relations
between object cognition and self-consciousness. After laying out
Kant's argument that the distinctive kind of knowledge that humans
have requires a unified self- consciousness, Kitcher considers the
implications of his theory for current problems in the philosophy
of mind. If Kant is right that rational cognition requires acts of
thought that are at least implicitly conscious, then theories of
consciousness face a second "hard problem" beyond the familiar
difficulties with the qualities of sensations. How is conscious
reasoning to be understood? Kitcher shows that current accounts of
the self-ascription of belief have great trouble in explaining the
case where subjects know their reasons for the belief. She presents
a "new" Kantian approach to handling this problem. In this way, the
book reveals Kant as a thinker of great relevance to contemporary
philosophy, one whose allegedly obscure achievements provide
solutions to problems that are still with us.
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