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Kant's Thinker (Hardcover)
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Kant's Thinker (Hardcover)
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Kant's discussion of the relations between cognition and
self-consciousness lie at the heart of the Critique of Pure Reason,
in the celebrated transcendental deduction. Although this section
of Kant's masterpiece is widely believed to contain important
insights into cognition and self-consciousness, it has long been
viewed as unusually obscure. Many philosophers have tried to avoid
the transcendental psychology that Kant employed. By contrast,
Patricia Kitcher follows Kant's careful delineation of the
necessary conditions for knowledge and his intricate argument that
knowledge requires self-consciousness. She argues that far from
being an exercise in armchair psychology, the thesis that thinkers
must be aware of the connections among their mental states offers
an astute analysis of the requirements of rational thought.
The book opens by situating Kant's theories in the then
contemporary debates about "apperception," personal identity and
the relations between object cognition and self-consciousness.
After laying out Kant's argument that the distinctive kind of
knowledge that humans have requires a unified self- consciousness,
Kitcher considers the implications of his theory for current
problems in the philosophy of mind. If Kant is right that rational
cognition requires acts of thought that are at least implicitly
conscious, then theories of consciousness face a second "hard
problem" beyond the familiar difficulties with the qualities of
sensations. How is conscious reasoning to be understood? Kitcher
shows that current accounts of the self-ascription of belief have
great trouble in explaining the case where subjects know their
reasons for the belief. She presents a "new" Kantian approach to
handling this problem. In this way, the book reveals Kant as a
thinker of great relevance to contemporary philosophy, one whose
allegedly obscure achievements provide solutions to problems that
are still with us.
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