In 2014, the first three volumes of Heidegger's Black Notebooks-the
personal and philosophical notebooks that he kept during the war
years-were published in Germany. These notebooks provide the first
textual evidence of anti-Semitism in Heidegger's philosophy, not
simply in passing remarks, but as incorporated into his
philosophical and political thinking itself. In Heidegger and the
Myth of a Jewish World Conspiracy, Peter Trawny, the editor of
those notebooks, offers the first evaluation of Heidegger's
philosophical project in light of the Black Notebooks. While
Heidegger's affiliation with National Socialism is well known, the
anti-Semitic dimension of that engagement could not be fully told
until now. Trawny traces Heidegger's development of a grand
"narrative" of the history of being, the "being-historical
thinking" at the center of Heidegger's work after Being and Time.
Two of the protagonists of this narrative are well known to
Heidegger's readers: the Greeks and the Germans. The
world-historical antagonist of this narrative, however, has
remained hitherto undisclosed: the Jews, or, more specifically,
"world Judaism." As Trawny shows, world Judaism emerges as a
racialized, destructive, and technological threat to the German
homeland, indeed, to any homeland whatsoever. Trawny pinpoints
recurrent, anti-Semitic themes in the Notebooks, including
Heidegger's adoption of crude cultural stereotypes, his assigning
of racial reasons to philosophical decisions (even undermining his
Jewish teacher, Edmund Husserl), his endorsement of a Jewish "world
conspiracy," and his first published remarks on the extermination
camps and gas chambers (under the troubling aegis of a Jewish
"self-annihilation"). Trawny concludes with a thoughtful meditation
on how Heidegger's achievements might still be valued despite these
horrifying facets. Unflinching and systematic, this is one of the
most important assessments of one of the most important
philosophers in our history.
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