Seminar paper from the year 2000 in the subject American Studies -
Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Duisburg-Essen, course:
Psycholinguistics, 17 entries in the bibliography, language:
English, abstract: How do children learn to speak? And why? Do all
children start to use language at some age? Or do they need a
certain "trigger"? Is our ability to use a language innate? Or are
we conditioned to use language as a response to our environment?
There are many other questions to be raised, for example about the
function of a language, the process of acquisition, or the meaning
of the term "language" as such. Psycholinguistics tries to answer
at least some of these questions. "Psycholinguistics is the name
given to the study of the psychological processes involved in
language. Psycholinguists study understanding, producing, and
remembering language. ...] They are] concerned with listening,
reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language ...] and]
interested in how we acquire language, and the way in which it
interacts with other psychological systems." (Harley, 1995: p.1)
Thus, psycholinguistics is concerned with "(...) the correlation
between linguistic behaviour and psychological processes thought to
underlie that behaviour (...)" (Crystal, 1992: p. 291). Due to its
interdisciplinary nature, psycholinguistics has been influenced
both by linguistic and psychological findings and theories. One of
the main psychological schools which have contributed to
psycholinguistic theories is behaviourism. Although early
behaviourism was not concerned with language as such, but rather
with the observation of any (animal or human) behaviour, Burrhus
Frederic Skinner (1904-1990) later focussed his interest on verbal
behaviour. He employed behaviouristic methods and tried to describe
the acquisition process as a complex form of conditioning. One of
his aims was to apply his findings in the development of new
teaching methods. This paper is designed to give a brief overview
on
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