A detailed study of the construction and history of the Coliseo de
la Cruz, the first modern public theatre in Madrid, built on the
site of the city's oldest permanent playhouse. The Coliseo de la
Cruz, the first modern public theatre in Madrid, was constructed
[1736-37] on the site of the city's oldest permanent playhouse, the
Corral de la Cruz, dating from 1579. The corral, an open-air
courtyard theatre, was surrounded by private boxes in neighbouring
houses [recently studied in this series by Charles Davis], which
only intermittently contributed to the municipal coffers; by 1736,
moreover, it was decrepit and ill-suited to current staging
requirements. The city authorities therefore replaced it by an
up-to-date, fully self-contained theatre building with a proscenium
stage. The new coliseo was fashioned in the Italian style, but
maintained many characteristics of the corral theatres, such as the
cazuela [separate women's gallery], and continued to attract a
varied audience, representing virtually every level of Madrid
society. Finally, in 1859, the Coliseo de la Cruz, by now
inadequate and in ill repair, was demolished to alleviate traffic
congestion at the Puerta del Sol. PHILLIP B.THOMASON is Professor
of Spanish at Pepperdine University, California. El Coliseo de la
Cruz, el primer teatro publico moderno de Madrid, fue construido
[1736-37] en el solar del corral de comedias mas antiguo de la
ciudad, el Corral de la Cruz, inaugurado ya en 1579. El corral, con
su patio al aire libre, habia estado rodeado de aposentos
particulares situados en las casas colindantes [estudiados
recientemente en esta serie por Charles Davis], cuyos duenos
contribuian relativamente poco a los fondos municipales; en 1736,
ademas, estaba deteriorado y poco adecuado para la nueva
escenografia. Por tanto, el Ayuntamiento lo derribo, reemplazandolo
por un teatro moderno, enteramente cubierto, con proscenio y
decorados en perspectiva. El nuevo coliseo estaba disenado al
estilo italiano, pero retenia muchos elementos de los corrales de
comedias, entre ellos la cazuela de las mugeres, y siguio atrayendo
a un publico variado, que incluia practicante todos los estratos de
la sociedad madrilena. Finalmente, en 1859, el Coliseo de la Cruz,
ya desfasado y deteriorado a su vez, fue derribado para aliviar los
problemas de trafico en la Puerta del Sol. PHILLIP B.THOMASON es
profesor de espanol de Pepperdine University, California.
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