Plato and Xenophon: Apologies compares two key dialogues on the
death of Socrates. Socrates was accused of impiety and corrupting
the youth of ancient Athens and was tried, convicted, imprisoned,
and executed. Both Plato and Xenophon make clear that the charges
were not brought forward in the spirit of true piety, and that
Socrates was a man of real virtue and beneficence. To this day, his
trial and execution remain a mark upon the democracy that put him
to death.
These dialogues underscore the limitations of democratic
relativism and emphasize the nature of philosophy or the free mind.
Plato's Apology of Socrates is both poetry and an act of
reformation, justifying the life of philosophy, challenging the
authority of the pagan gods and heroes, and introducing Socrates as
a heroic and even divine figure. In contrast, Xenophon's Socrates
is not dialectical and otherworldly, but makes a different appeal
for philosophy. From Xenophon emerges the heroic tradition of
Plutarch with its reflections on the virtues and vices of great
historical men.
Focus Philosophical Library translations are close to and are
non-interpretative of the original text, with the notes and a
glossary intending to provide the reader with some sense of the
terms and the concepts as they were understood by Plato and
Xenophon's immediate audience.
General
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