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Joe T. Patterson and the White South's Dilemma - Evolving Resistance to Black Advancement (Paperback)
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Joe T. Patterson and the White South's Dilemma - Evolving Resistance to Black Advancement (Paperback)
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As Mississippi's attorney general from 1956 to 1969, Joe T.
Patterson led the legal defense for Jim Crow in the state. He was
inaugurated for his first term two months before the launch of the
Sovereignty Commission - charged ""to protect the sovereignty of
Mississippi from encroachment thereon by the federal government"" -
which made manifest a century-old states' rights ideology couched
in the rhetoric of massive resistance. Despite the dubious legal
foundations of that agenda, Patterson supported the organization's
mission from the start and served as an ex-officio leader on its
board for the rest of his life. Patterson was also a card-carrying
member of the segregationist Citizens' Council and, in his own
words, had ""spent many hours and driven many miles advocating the
basic principles for which the Citizens' Councils were originally
organized."" Few ever doubted his Jim Crow credentials. That is
until September 1962 and the integration of the University of
Mississippi by James Meredith. That fall Patterson stepped out of
his entrenchment by defying a circle of white power brokers, but
only to a point. His seeming acquiescence came at the height of the
biggest crisis for Mississippi's racist order. Yet even after the
Supreme Court decreed that Meredith must enter the university,
Patterson opposed any further desegregation and despised the
federal intervention at Ole Miss. Still he faced a dilemma that
confronted all white southerners: how to maintain an artificially
elevated position for whites in southern society without resorting
to violence or intimidation. Once the Supreme Court handed down its
decision in Meredith v. Fair, the state attorney general walked a
strategic tightrope, looking to temper the ruling's impact without
inciting the mob and without retreating any further. Patterson and
others sought pragmatic answers to the dilemma of white
southerners, not in the name of civil rights but to offer a more
durable version of white power. His finesse paved the way for
future tactics employing duplicity and barely yielding social
change while deferring many dreams.
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