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Joe T. Patterson and the White South's Dilemma - Evolving Resistance to Black Advancement (Hardcover)
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Joe T. Patterson and the White South's Dilemma - Evolving Resistance to Black Advancement (Hardcover)
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As Mississippi's attorney general from 1956 to 1969, Joe T.
Patterson led the legal defense for Jim Crow in the state. He was
inaugurated for his first term two months before the launch of the
Sovereignty Commission--charged ""to protect the sovereignty of
Mississippi from encroachment thereon by the federal
government""--which made manifest a century-old states' rights
ideology couched in the rhetoric of massive resistance. Despite the
dubious legal foundations of that agenda, Patterson supported the
organization's mission from the start and served as an ex-officio
leader on its board for the rest of his life. Patterson was also a
card-carrying member of the segregationist Citizens' Council and,
in his own words, had ""spent many hours and driven many miles
advocating the basic principles for which the Citizens' Councils
were originally organized."" Few ever doubted his Jim Crow
credentials. That is until September 1962 and the integration of
the University of Mississippi by James Meredith. That fall
Patterson stepped out of his entrenchment by defying a circle of
white power brokers, but only to a point. His seeming acquiescence
came at the height of the biggest crisis for Mississippi's racist
order. Yet even after the Supreme Court decreed that Meredith must
enter the university, Patterson opposed any further desegregation
and despised the federal intervention at Ole Miss. Still he faced a
dilemma that confronted all white southerners: how to maintain an
artificially elevated position for whites in southern society
without resorting to violence or intimidation. Once the Supreme
Court handed down its decision in Meredith v. Fair, the state
attorney general walked a strategic tightrope, looking to temper
the ruling's impact without inciting the mob and without retreating
any further. Patterson and others sought pragmatic answers to the
dilemma of white southerners, not in the name of civil rights but
to offer a more durable version of white power. His finesse paved
the way for future tactics employing duplicity and barely yielding
social change while deferring many dreams.
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