The rapid pace of industrialization and its resulting by-products
have affected the environment by producing hazardous wastes, which
have been released into the environment. Environmental pollution is
a global menace, the magnitude of which is increasing day-by-day
due to urbanization, heavy industrialization, and changing
lifestyles. Nanostructures as functional building blocks are an
ideal candidate for investigation into the dependence of
structural, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties of the
quantum confinement effect and morphology, which paves the way for
novel nanotechnological applications. Both physical and chemical
properties of nanostructures are associated with their size, shape,
and dimensionality; therefore, morphology controlled synthesis of
functional nanostructures gains importance from a scientific and
technological perspective. Semiconductor nanomaterials at the
nanoscale are gaining significant attention in the areas of energy
conversion and storage, sensing, electronics, photonics, and
biomedicine. In this book, we discuss semiconducting metal oxide
nanostructures like TiO2, ZnO, conducting polymers and
nanocomposites for their efficient detection of harmful and toxic
chemicals, and nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation, with
an emphasis on the applications of semiconducting materials for
renewable energy. The book includes a brief literature survey,
properties and the latest research advances in the development of
various metal oxide nanostructures, and how nanocomposites and
conducting polymer based nanomaterials are efficient for
environmental remediation. The application of nanomaterials in the
detection and removal of pathogens provides greater sensitivity,
lower cost, shorter turn-around times, smaller sample sizes,
in-line and real-time detection, as well as higher throughput and
portability in environmental remediation. Furthermore,
semiconductor photocatalysis for remediation has real potential for
combating water pollution. This book provides a comprehensive look
at the morphological, structural, crystalline, optical, electrical,
and electrochemical properties of semiconducting metal oxides and
their applications for environmental cleaning. The preparation and
modification of semiconducting nanomaterials could be promising for
the reliable and effective detection of harmful chemicals, and
renewable energy.
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