This monograph explores the original literary produce of Muslim
mystics during the eighth-tenth centuries, with special attention
to ninth-century mystics, such as al-Tustari, al-Muhasibi,
al-Kharraz, al-Junayd and, in particular, al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi.
Unlike other studies dealing with the so-called 'Formative Period',
this book focuses on the extant writings of early mystics rather
than on the later Sufi compilations. These early mystics
articulated what would become a hallmark of Islamic mysticism: a
system built around the psychological tension between the self
(nafs) and the heart (qalb) and how to overcome it. Through their
writings, already at this early phase, the versatility, fluidity
and maturity of Islamic mysticism become apparent. This exploration
thus reveals that mysticism in Islam emerged earlier than
customarily acknowledged, long before Islamic mysticism became
generically known as Sufism. The central figure of this book is
al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi, whose teaching and inner world focus on
themes such as polarity, the training of the self, the opening of
the heart, the Friends of God (al-awliya'), dreams and visions,
divine language, mystical exegesis and more. This book thus offers
a fuller picture than hitherto presented of the versatility of
themes, processes, images, practices, terminology and thought
models during this early period. The volume will be a key resource
for scholars and students interested in the study of religion, Sufi
studies, Late Antiquity and Medieval Islam.
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