Hu seeks to explain China's failure to establish a democratic
system. He demonstrates both continuity and change in China's
democratization process. Modern China regards power and wealth as
primary goals and treats a strong state as a major means to these
ends. Such a preference puts democracy on a back burner.
Employing a theoretical framework which consists of five
factors--historical legacies, local forces, the world system,
socialist values, and economic development--Hu shows that, while
all of these factors were at work in all eras, each assumes a
special significance in a particular period. Traditional China
before the 1911 Revolution attempted to adjust itself to a new,
Western-dominated world. In the Republican era, the control of
local forces topped the political agenda. Nationalist China sought
to survive and develop in the world system, while Maoist China set
for itself the task of building a socialist state. And, of course,
economic development has been the priority of the Deng era. As Hu
shows, these five factors have had determining impacts on the long
struggle for democracy in China.
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