Congress has long been concerned about whether U.S. policy advances
the national interest in reducing the role of the People's Republic
of China (PRC) in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction
(WMD) and missiles that could deliver them. Recipients of China's
technology reportedly include Pakistan and countries said by the
State Department to have supported terrorism, such as Iran. This
CRS Report, updated as warranted, discusses the security problem of
China's role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the
U.S. policy response since the mid- 1990s. China has taken some
steps to mollify U.S. and other foreign concerns about its role in
weapons proliferation. Nonetheless, supplies from China have
aggravated trends that result in ambiguous technical aid, more
indigenous capabilities, longer-range missiles, and secondary
(retransferred) proliferation. According to unclassified
intelligence reports submitted as required to Congress, China has
been a "key supplier" of technology, particularly PRC entities
providing nuclear and missile-related technology to Pakistan and
missile-related technology to Iran.
General
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