Synthetic biology is the construction of artificial biological
systems, such as programmable cells, using principles from
engineering, electronics, computer science and computational
biology. Using biological circuit, we can produce a new
concentration gradient that has twice the frequency. If 1 is
represented by a concentration of the chemical within the
threshold, and a 0 is represented by a concentration outside the
threshold, then we can represent any two digit binary number. Thus,
we can differentiate separate regions at certain distances away
from a point source. The focus of these early studies was on using
digital models as a way of understanding events in the living cell.
The Boolean approximation was a way of avoiding an unwieldy
analysis of a complex chemical web. To follow all those molecular
interactions in complete detail would have required tracking the
concentrations of innumerable molecular species, measuring the
rates of chemical reactions, and solving hundreds of coupled
differential equations. Either pretending that every gene is on or
off reduced the problem to a simpler digital abstraction.
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