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Agrarian and Other Histories - Essays for Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri (Paperback)
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Agrarian and Other Histories - Essays for Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri (Paperback)
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There is no area in the agrarian history of eastern India that
Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri has not traversed. His journey began with
his 1956 contribution in Bengal Past and Present, on "Some Problems
of the Peasantry of Bengal after the Permanent Settlement." His
extensive opus surveys the agrarian economy of eastern India and
all its protagonists: peasant households, zamindars and the state,
non-peasant rural agents such as moneylenders, affluent
landholders, farmers, and agrarian intermediaries (jotedars), all
of whom played their decisive role in the rural agrarian structure
of eastern India. His later research explored the impact of
colonial rule on tribes and forest dwellers, who were in the
process of transition to quasi-peasant communities by the middle of
the twentieth century. In his pioneering work, The Growth of
Commercial Agriculture in Bengal: 1757-1957, which developed out of
his doctoral thesis, Chaudhuri discussed the two important
phenomena that shaped the contours of the agrarian economy of
Bengal-first, the demographic factor, namely population growth,
combined with a simultaneous growth of agricultural production;
second, the role of external demand that determined peasant
production for the market. He placed value, additionally, on
factors such as climate change, natural disasters, and political
instability arising out of war and invasions, which affected
agricultural production in India. It is difficult to do justice to
B. B. Chaudhuri's academic work given its depth and range. An
inadequate attempt is made here under four broad heads: (i) his
concept of the peasantry; (ii) the growth of commercial agriculture
in eastern India; (iii) the process of 'depeasantization' by which
small and marginal peasants gradually lost their land and turned
into sharecroppers or hired labor; and finally, (iv) the more or
less forcible induction of a large number of tribes and forest
dwellers into settled agriculture, resulting in spates of
rebellion. The essays in this volume are on diverse themes. A
number are on different aspects of the agrarian world, the major
subject of Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri's academic research. Many other
papers discuss aspects of social and cultural history, which have
always interested and inspired Prof. Chaudhuri. There are three
essays on Rabindranath Tagore, the towering figure he venerates
like most intellectuals of his generation from Bengal, and with
whom he also happens to share his own birthday.
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