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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Social & political philosophy
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Group Duties - Their Existence and Their Implications for Individuals (Hardcover)
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Group Duties - Their Existence and Their Implications for Individuals (Hardcover)
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Moral duties are regularly attributed to groups. In the media or on
the street, we might hear that a specific country has a moral duty
to defend human rights, that environmentalists have a moral duty to
push for global systemic reform, or that the affluent have a moral
duty to alleviate poverty. Do such attributions make conceptual
sense or are they mere political rhetoric? And what does that imply
for the individual members of these groups? Group Duties offers the
first comprehensive answer to these questions. Stephanie Collins
defends a Tripartite Model of group duties - so-called because it
divides groups into three fundamental categories. First, we have
combinations - collections of agents that don't have any goals or
decision-making procedures in common. These groups cannot bear
moral duties. Instead, we should re-cast their purported duties as
a series of duties, one held by each agent in the combination. Each
duty demands its bearer to 'I-reason': to do the best they can,
given whatever they happen to believe the others will do. Second,
there are groups whose members share goals but lack decision-making
procedures. These are coalitions. Coalitions also cannot bear
duties, but their alleged duties should be replaced with members'
several duties to 'we-reason': to do one's part in a particular
group pattern of actions, on the presumption that others will do
likewise. Third and finally, collectives have group-level
procedures for making decisions. They can bear duties. Collectives'
duties imply duties for collectives' members to use their role in
the collective with a view to the collective doing its duty. With
the Tripartite Model in-hand, Collins argues that we can target our
political demands at the right entities, in the right way, for the
right reasons.
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