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Globalization of S&T - Key Challenges Facing DOD (Paperback)
Loot Price: R355
Discovery Miles 3 550
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Globalization of S&T - Key Challenges Facing DOD (Paperback)
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Loot Price R355
Discovery Miles 3 550
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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In the second half of the 20th century, the United States enjoyed
stature and prosperity at levels seldom achieved in recorded
history. The country's status included predominance in most fields
of science and technology (S&T), as well as a phenomenal
breadth and pace of innovation. We are now experiencing a global
shift to a more level playing field among nations; demographics,
economics, and political forces are the driving forces behind this
shift. The impact of this shift on U.S. S&T will be
significant. By the middle of the 21st century, it is likely that a
number of nations will be similarly prosperous and technologically
productive. No single nation or group will dominate as the United
States did in the latter half of the 1900s. The U.S. share of the
global S&T enterprise will decrease, and only a small fraction
of U.S. scientists and engineers (S&E) will work on national
security problems. This change poses challenges to the roles and
conduct of Department of Defense (DOD) S&T. In particular,
DOD's ability to maintain an authoritative awareness of S&T
developments around the world will become increasingly problematic.
Most attempts to quantify these challenges utilize simple linear or
exponential extrapolations. Although such approaches are helpful
for short-term predictions, they tend to produce unrealistically
pessimistic predictions for the timescales considered in this
paper. The present work establishes an empirical relationship
between an economy's gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and
its ability to gene rate S&T knowledge. This paper then employs
the results of a full economic analysis for the period 2005-2050 to
estimate the S&T knowledge production for each of the world's
17 largest economies. The estimate indicates that U.S. share of
S&T productivity will decline from about 26 percent in 2005 to
18 percent in 2050. This decline, while problematic, is not
unmanageable. At least through 2050, the United States will remain
one of the world's most significant contributors to scientific
knowledge. As a result, the U.S. S&T workforce should be large
enough, relative to the world S&T workforce, to remain
cognizant of S&T developments around the world-although the
means of doing so may change. This ability to remain cognizant is
important because by 2050, countries other than the United States
will produce most scientific knowledge. Maintaining an
authoritative awareness of S&T around the world will be
essential if the United States is to remain economically and
militarily competitive. This awareness includes the ability of the
U.S. S&T workforce to authoritatively interpret trends in
global S&T. The required awareness can be maintained only if
the U.S. S&T workforce is a participant in the global S&T
community. This is true for the DOD S&T workforce as well. For
DOD to succeed, it will be necessary to find a means to tap the
knowledge of the larger U.S. S&T community regarding global
S&T. It is only at this level that the United States will have
a sufficient number of S&T "brain cells" to actually know what
is occurring in the world of global S&T, what is important, and
what is not important. Tapping this knowledge will be very
challenging for DOD. Nevertheless, we must ensure the global
S&T knowledge held by the larger U.S. S&T community is
available to the military and that DOD has the internal capability
to comprehend and exploit this knowledge through the DOD S&T
workforce. The term "DOD S&T workforce" refers to those
S&Es who are funded by DOD S&T dollars that fall into the
categories of Basic Research (6.1) and Exploratory Development
(6.2). This workforce is larger than the DOD federal S&T
workforce (often called the in-house workforce), which, of course,
has a special role. Some members of the DOD S&T workforce will
be employees of DOD; others will be involved through vehicles such
as contracts, advisory committees, and cooperative programs with
other government agencies.
General
Imprint: |
Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
|
Country of origin: |
United States |
Release date: |
July 2012 |
First published: |
July 2012 |
Authors: |
Steven Ramberg
• National Defense University
• Timothy Coffey
|
Dimensions: |
280 x 216 x 2mm (L x W x T) |
Format: |
Paperback - Trade
|
Pages: |
38 |
ISBN-13: |
978-1-4781-9574-0 |
Categories: |
Books
|
LSN: |
1-4781-9574-6 |
Barcode: |
9781478195740 |
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