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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Gender studies > Women's studies
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More Women Can Run - Gender and Pathways to the State Legislatures (Hardcover, New)
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More Women Can Run - Gender and Pathways to the State Legislatures (Hardcover, New)
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Women remain dramatically underrepresented in elective office,
including in entry-level political offices. While they enjoy the
freedom to stand for office and therefore have an equal legal
footing with men, this persistent gender imbalance raises pressing
questions about democratic legitimacy, the inclusivity of American
politics, and the quality of political representation. The reasons
for women's underrepresentation remain the subject of much debate.
One explanation-that the United States lacks sufficient openings
for political newcomers-has become less compelling in recent years,
as states that have adopted term limits have not seen the expected
gains in women's office holding. Other accounts about candidate
scarcity, gender inequalities in society, and the lingering effects
of gendered socialization have some merit; however, these accounts
still fail to explain the relatively low numbers. This book argues
that a major problem with current accounts exists in their
underlying assumption that there is a single model of candidate
emergence. The prediction is that women's office holding will rise
automatically as women acquire the same backgrounds as men and
assimilate to men's pathways to office. In this view, the main
reasons for women's political underrepresentation can be found in
society rather than in politics. Carroll and Sanbonmatsu argue for
a new approach that considers women on their own terms and that
focuses on the political origins of women's representation. Drawing
upon an original and comparative survey of women state legislators
across all fifty states, from 1981 and 2008, and follow-up surveys
after the 2008 elections, the authors find that gender differences
in pathways to the legislatures, first evident in 1981, have been
surprisingly persistent over time. They found that, while the
ambition framework better explains men's decisions to run for
office, women are much more reliant on the existence of
organizational and party support. By rethinking the nature of
women's representation, this study calls for a reorientation of
academic research on women's election to office and provides
insight into new strategies for political practitioners concerned
about women's political equality.
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