Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic algae which constitute the
most important and dominant fraction of marine phytoplankton. They
are primary producers forming the basic link in the marine pelagic
food chain. They also help mitigate the global warming effect
through sequestering the green house gases. The planktonic diatoms
of the N. Arabian Sea bordering Pakistan, which is characterized by
very high primary productivity due to monsoonal upwelling, has long
been neglected by marine biologists. The present study deals with
taxonomy and ecology of centric diatoms of the area. As many as 79
species belonging to 23 genera are described along with their
spatial and temporal distributions. Chaetoceros and Rhizosolenia
were the most diverse genera among all with 17 species belonging to
each. Several species were first records from the area and a
variety Planktoniella blanda var. bilobata even new to the
knowledge of science. A peak in species diversity was observed in
February during the NE-monsoon season. This study fills an
important lacuna in the knowledge of marine diatoms from the world
oceans and will appeal not only to marine biologists but also
environmentalists.
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