Teofilo Folengo (1491-1544) was born in Mantua and joined the
Benedictine order, but became a runaway monk and a satirist of
monasticism. In 1517 he published, under the pseudonym Merlin
Cocaio, the first version of his macaronic narrative poem "Baldo,"
later enlarged and elaborated. It blended Latin with various
Italian dialects in hexameter verse, inventing a deliberately droll
language whose humor depends on the mixture of high and low
tonalities. An important example of the mock-heroic epic, the work
was a model for Rabelais and was frequently reprinted.
Baldo, the hero of these picaresque adventures, is a descendant
of French royalty who starts out as something of a juvenile
delinquent. The poem narrates episodes which include imprisonment;
battles with local authorities, pirates, shepherds, witches, and
demons; and a journey to the underworld. Throughout Baldo is
accompanied by various companions, among them a giant, a centaur, a
magician, and his best friend Cingar, a wickedly inventive
trickster ("practicus ad beffas"). This edition provides the first
English translation of this hilarious send-up of ancient epic and
Renaissance chivalric romance.
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