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The Political Economy of the Japanese Financial Big Bang - Institutional Change in Finance and Public Policymaking (Hardcover)
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The Political Economy of the Japanese Financial Big Bang - Institutional Change in Finance and Public Policymaking (Hardcover)
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In 1996, the Japanese government introduced a policy package
initiating massive deregulation and liberalization in the nation's
financial sector, referred to as Japan's financial 'Big Bang.' This
book argues that the emergence of the Big Bang Initiative poses
numerous challenges to conventional interpretations of Japanese
politics and represents a clear case of institutional change in
Japanese finance. Whereas many observers stress continuity in
Japanese politics, this book argues that the emergence in the 1990s
of performance failures and scandals attributed to the bureaucracy,
as well as the increase in the likelihood of a change in government
in this period, led policymaking patterns surrounding the Big Bang
to differ radically from those dominating public policymaking in
the past. These developments led to change in the nature of the
alliance between the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the
Ministry of Finance (MOF), to a shift in priorities within the MOF,
and to a heightened role for the public in policymaking. The result
was that the MOF, long perceived as 'entrenched' and seeking to
maximize tangible tokens of organizational power, became more than
willing to launch the Big Bang, despite the fact that these reforms
would strip the ministry of many of its regulatory tools and sever
the ministry's close ties with the financial sector. The book also
argues that these new developments prevented financial industry
actors from forestalling these reforms, as they had done in the
past with other reforms similarly threatening the viability of
weaker firms. The findings reveal that not only politicians, but
also bureaucrats and interest groups, have reasons to pursue public
support to enhance their respective political influence.
Consequently, well-organized groups do not always prevail over the
unorganized public.
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