This volume uncovers the roots of electroshock in America, an
outgrowth of western patriarchal medicine with primarily female
patients. The history of electroshock in the United States in three
historic stages is chronicled as it alternated from an enthusiastic
reception in 1940, to a period of crisis in the 1960s, to its
resurgence after 1980. Early American experiments with electrical
medicine are also examined, while the development of electroshock
in America is considered through the lens of social, political, and
economic factors. The revival of electroshock in recent decades is
found to be a product of growing materialism in American psychiatry
and the political and economic realities of managed medical
care.
Kneeland and Warren suggest that the choice of electroshock,
made in an era when a number of other medical therapies were
available, was connected to American enthusiasm for electricity and
technology in the early 20th century. Temporary rejection of
electroshock in the 1960s is explained as the outcome of both an
internal crisis in psychiatric authority and the external political
and social pressure on psychiatry created by the civil rights
movement. Scholars and students considering the history of
psychology, psychiatry, science, and medicine or the history of
technology will find this volume helpful.
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